Everything is connected...

The thirty-eight special is a centerfire cartridge used in revolvers or semi-automatic pistols.  The 38^th latitude divides the United States roughly in half and the 38^th parallel roughly demarcates North Korea and South Korea.  The 38^th American president was Gerald Ford and Colorado was the 38^th state to join the union.  The 38^th Street Gang is the one of the oldest street gangs in Los Angeles.

Did you know that February 7^th is the 38^th day of the year.  In 38 BC on January 17^th, Octavian married Livia Drusilla.  During 38 AD, Phadedrus wrote his popular collection of fables.  Remember the 2004 SuperBowl XXXVIII, when Justin Timberlake tore Janet Jackson’s costume exposing her breast?  Well, the Patriots ended up winning over the Panthers, 32-29.

Celebrities that are currently 38 years old include Neil Patrick Harris, Mos Def, Lisa Ling, Kate Beckinsale, Oscar De La Hoya, Portia De Rossi, Rachel Maddow, Aishwarya Rai Bachchan, Kate Moss, and Tyra Banks.  My favorite San Francisco Giants player is Brian Wilson and his baseball uniform number is #38.  Unfortunately, John F. Kennedy Jr. and actor Corey Haim died when they were only 38 years old.

If you take California State Route 38, you’ll drive around Big Bear Lake past San Bernardino through the Redlands.  Or take a drive on Highway 38 in Minnesota to see the beautiful autumn colors of trees.  Highway 38 in Oregon is a lovely journey along the Umpqua River.  For international travelers, European Route 38 starts in Hlukhiv, Ukraine and ends in Shymkent, Kazakhstan.  Australian Route 38, Gwydir Highway, takes you from the coast to the hills in New South Wales.  Either way, 38 will get you somewhere.

Why all the associations with 38?  On January 17^th, I turned 38.  My “younger” sister told me that I’m “old.”  However, I don’t feel old, I feel like best is yet to come…

The links:

Fighting for Democracy...

Imagine growing up being a General’s daughter in Burma.  Aung San Suu Kyi’s father was Aung San, who founded the Burmese army and negotiated independence from the British Empire.  In 1947, her father was assassinated by political foes.  Thirteen years later, her mother was made Ambassador to India and she followed.  Suu Kyi then received multiple degrees including one in politics from Lady Shri Ram College in New Delhi, a B.A. degree in Philosophy, Politics, and Economics from St. Hugh’s College, Oxford, AND a PhD at the School of Oriental and African Studies from the University of London.

When Suu Kyi returned to military controlled Burma in 1988 to take care of her ailing mother, she found herself leading the pro-democracy movement.  As a result, her terminally ill husband wasn’t allowed by the Burmese government to visit.  Unfortunately he died in 1989 and Suu Kyi was placed under house arrest for 15 years over a 21-year time span.  She was separated from her two children living in the United Kingdom for the majority of that time.  Suu Kyi knew if she left Burma, the government would never let her back in.

In 1991, Aung San Suu Kyi won the Nobel Peace Prize under house arrest.  According to the Norwegian Nobel Committee, she was awarded the prize “…for her non-violent struggle for democracy and human rights.  Suu Kyi’s struggle is one of the most extraordinary examples of civil courage in Asia in recent decades.  She has become an important symbol in the struggle against oppression.”

On November 13, 2010, Aung San Suu Kyi was finally released from house arrest.  United States Secretary of State Hillary Clinton made a special visit to Burma to meet and encourage her participation in the National League for Democracy, an organization fighting for free and equal representation against the military regime.  As of January 10, 2012, Suu Kyi will run for parliament in the April elections in hopes of legitimizing them and gaining political influence.

Aung San Suu Kyi is known as the “the Lady” to the Burmese people.  This strong, courageous, and amazing woman will never give up for liberty.  According to Suu Kyi: “Human beings the world over need freedom and security that they may be able to realize their full potential.”

The links:

http://www.time.com/time/photogallery/0,29307,2057714_2251988,00.html

http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/dec/02/hillary-clinton-aung-san-suu-kyi-burma-democracy

http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1991/kyi-bio.html

http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Latest-News-Wires/2012/0110/Myanmar-s-Aung-San-Suu-Kyi-confirms-run-for-parliament-seat-legitimizing-elections

Zhan Wang’s Artificial Rock.

January 6^th was a perfect Friday.  I’ve been battling Bronchitis from my holiday excursion back East and started to feel “human” again.  As a result, what makes an artist happy?  Undoubtedly, an afternoon at the de Young Museum!  A weekday visit means no throngs of tourists and spacious walkways allowing the art to breathe.  I could roam and enjoy art at my pace.

Andy Goldsworthy’s Drawn Stone greets visitors entering the museum.  A crack starts in the sandstone starting at the de Young’s front concourse up to the main entry.  Guests walk on top of the art to see art.  According to Goldsworthy: “…When people experience this piece, it may appear as if the lines are heading in lots of different directions.  Instead, they’re all heading to the museum’s entrance.  They’re all inviting people to enter…”

Outside in the Osher Sculpture Garden, I discovered Zhan Wang’s stainless steel sculpture: Artificial Rock.  The highly reflective piece mimics the mountains in traditional Chinese painting.  The surface changes with the day’s passing of light remaining new but constant.

On the way to the de Young’s viewing deck in the Education Tower, Ruth Asawa’s amazing sculpture installation greets and delivers.  Fifteen metal wire sculptures are like frosting on a cake.  Just when you thought you’ve had a good day at the art museum, you realized it just got exceptional.

However, what makes the de Young so unique is not just the art it houses but its architecture.  Jacques Herzog and Pierre de Meuron both born in Basel and received their architecture degrees in Zurich, designed the museum.  Herzog: “You cannot only design a building to make it beautiful.  It has to really work well with the huge crowd that is using it.”

That’s the brilliance of great art and design, it works well alone or in a crowd.

The links:

http://deyoung.famsf.org/

http://www.herzogdemeuron.com/index.html

http://www.time.com/time/arts/article/0,8599,1610464,00.html

http://www.kqed.org/arts/programs/spark/profile.jsp?essid=4157

http://articles.sfgate.com/2008-02-23/entertainment/17143022_1_sculptures-zhan-wang-chinese

http://deyoung.famsf.org/about/architecture-and-grounds

A time warp...

After typing the word “resolutions” in a Google search, I was surprised that the government had a list of 13 Popular New Year’s Resolutions with links to resources.  When did the United States government start getting involved in New Year’s resolutions?

On the top of their list is Drink Less Alcohol.  Ok, I can understand that but I enjoy a glass of wine every now and then.  It really helps with coping with my high student loan debt, inflated house payments, and wondering if the economy will stabilize or continue to fall off a cliff.  My booze budget includes Two Buck Chuck (Yes, it only costs $2 and it’s made by Charles Shaw) and for special occasions anything under $6 a bottle will do.

Eat Healthy Food ranks number two.  It would be refreshing for the federal government to mandate healthy choices in schools.  Remove all vending machines (no soda, candy bars, or chips) and “teach” students how to eat well would be a positive start.  I remember watching Jamie Oliver’s FOOD REVOLUTION television show, he tried very hard to get healthy food into schools only to discover that red tape and fear of change kept good food options away from kids.

Get a Better Education is next on the list.  Well, I did that and will be paying a hefty payment for the next 23 years, which is equivalent to what my Midwestern parents paid monthly for their home.  Now that’s the American dream!  My student loans are more than the current value of their spacious Wisconsin abode located in an area with fabulous schools.

Of course Get a Better Job makes the list.  That’s so easy to do during this wonderful economy!  Many jobs exist that pay a fair living wage, give health benefits, pay on time, acknowledge your existence, pay for extra hours worked, and reward workers with a holiday bonus (warning: cynicism overload).  Maybe if the government starting working for the American people and not corporations that would be a positive sign for change.  Here’s a thought: I would like to see our government do a better job and stop working for special interests…

Don’t forget to Get Fit!  Believe me, I’m exercising everyday and trying to make the best choices eating.  So the next resolution on the list is to Lose Weight.  Ok Mr. or Mrs. Government I’m getting the message and doing the best I can!

Let me get this straight, the government is now telling me to Manage Debt.  Ever hear the old saying: if you’re going to talk the talk, you better walk the walk?  Maybe the government should stop committing to wars we can’t afford and corporate welfare.  Pay your fair share companies!  Offshore accounts were so last year.  Accountability and paying your taxes is so patriotic and 2012.  Anyways, we’re building schools and roads in other parts of the world when we should be doing that right here.  Ever take a drive through some of our toughest and poorest neighborhoods in America?  You don’t have to leave the states to see schools that look like they belong in a war zone….

Manage Stress creeps up onto the list.  Meditation isn’t working when the monthly bills arrive.  Maybe if I just close my eyes, it will all just disappear and go away.  Too bad reality has to step back in!

Quit Smoking seems logical to me.  It’s expensive and causes cancer.  The cost of one pack of cigarettes is close to one hour worked at minimum wage after taxes.  Plus, I want my dollars to go to something more “positive” like bills.  However living in California, I couldn’t help but ask the government to please be more specific on what exactly they want Americans to quit smoking…

Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle is fun and easy.  With the downturn in the economy, I have less money to buy, have to reuse what I have, and recycle my jokes.  From the lack of oversight on BP’s Gulf of Mexico oil spill disaster to the energy expanded for wars, the government undoubtedly has the authority to tell me how to reduce, reuse, and recycle.

Save Money….well duh!  My husband and I have been trying to do that since the day we were born.

Take a Trip is next on the list but didn’t the government just tell me to Save Money?  Please make up your mind, do you want to spend money to stimulate the economy or save money to pay my bills?

Volunteer to Help Others is the last resolution however I’m so busy working to pay off my better education to get a better job so I can have more time to get fit, lose weight, drink less alcohol, and not smoke in order to save money to eat healthy food which would help manage stress and with some luck be able to take a trip  (I’ve always wanted to go to Hawaii) and manage debt by reducing, reusing, and recycling my entire existence.  That sounded stressful and I barely said it in one breath!

I’ll keep it simple by having only one resolution and that is to survive the New Year…

The links:

http://www.usa.gov/Citizen/Topics/New-Years-Resolutions.shtml

http://www.jamieoliver.com/us/foundation/jamies-food-revolution/home

What is the meaning of peace in your opinion?

Last week, I watched the YouTube video of Nobel Peace Prize winner Leymah Gbowwee.  She is a social and peace worker in Liberia who has fought and organized protests against the rape of women and children in war.  A single mother of four children, Gbowwee provided for her family while also obtaining a graduate degree.  An amazing woman whose determination and work ethic makes her the perfect role model for our global community.

In the Nobel Peace Center video, Gbowwee is asked: “What is the meaning of peace in your opinion?”  Her response is refreshingly honest and haunting.  Gbowwee eloquently lists various definitions of peace and the strength in her voice is evidence of survival.

Gbowwee:

“Peace is a quiet of environment with an absence of violence…”

and

“Peace for me is a respect for everyone’s right to live and express themselves and to be what they want to be…”

Here’s the video:

In return, I asked myself the same question:

Peace to me is no violence.

Peace to me is safety.

Peace to me is kindness.

Peace to me is safe and affordable healthcare.

Peace to me is education for everyone.

Peace to me is the end to poverty.

Peace to me is clean air to breathe.

Peace to me is safe drinking water.

Peace to me is honesty.

Peace to me is freedom.

Peace to me is something I want to give to you…

In 2012, the American presidential election will be in full swing.  It would be refreshing for people from diverse backgrounds to strive, investigate, and work for peace.  Synonyms for peace include calm, stillness, tranquility, silence, harmony, and serenity.  Through all our differences, peace is a virtue our global community can agree on.

What does peace mean to you?

The links:

A real "star"...

Last week, I was flipping through my free over the air TV channels and came across Barbara Walters’ annual Most Fascinating People special.  At that very moment, Ms. Walters was interviewing the Kardashian family: Khloe, Kourtney, Kim, and Kris.  ”Reality” TV stars as one of the most fascinating people of 2011?  I don’t think so.

How about the three women that won the 2011 Nobel Peace Prize?  Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, Leymah Gbowwee, and Tawakkul Karman deal with “reality” everyday by acting as role models and strong leaders for women’s equality.  According to the Nobel Peace Prize committee, the three were selected: “…for their non-violent struggle for the safety of women and for women’s rights to full participation in peace-building work.”

Sorry Karadashian family but “substance” beyond material possession collection must be a requirement to become fascinating to me.

Ellen Johnson Sirleaf (nickname “Iron Lady”) is the first female elected head of state in Africa as President of Liberia.  The Harvard graduate is known for securing peace in her country and fighting for women’s rights.  Sirleaf: “Each of us has her own voice, and the differences among us are to be celebrated. But our goals are in harmony.  They are the pursuit of peace, the pursuit of justice.  They are the defense of rights to which all people are entitled.”

Leymah Gbowwee is a social and peace worker in Liberia.  She fought and organized protests against the rape of women and children in war.  Gbowwee: “I must be quick to add that this prize is not just in recognition of the triumph of women.  It is a triumph of humanity.  To recognize and honor women, the other half of humanity, is to achieve universal wholeness and balance.”

Tawakkul Karman, an activist and journalist in Yemen, is the first Arab woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.  She played a key role in leading the fight for women’s rights and organizing political change in Yemen.  Karman: “Allow me, ladies and gentlemen, to share my belief that peace will remain the hope of mankind forever, and that the best hope for a better future for mankind will always drive us to speak noble words and do noble deeds.  Together, we will push the horizons, one after another, towards a world of true human perfection.”

A real “star” is a person who strives for their convictions and makes a positive difference.  Being special is beyond pure existence and dependent on the positive difference you make in society.

This holiday season, I would like to celebrate Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, Leymah Gbowwee, and Takwakkul Karman.  Three wise women, each one bearing the gifts of knowledge and bravery onto our global society.  No need for constant television attention or narcissistic behavior for these ladies.  Peace and equality is what they desire.

The links:

http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/

http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/2011/press.html

http://www.cnn.com/2011/12/10/world/europe/norway-nobel-peace-prize/index.html?hpt=hp_t2

http://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2011/12/10/world/international-us-nobel-peace.html?_r=1&hp

http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/oct/07/johnson-sirleaf-gbowee-karmen-nobel

http://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/slideshow/photos-barbara-walters-fascinating-people-year-2011-15049869

http://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/steve-jobs-barbara-walters-fascinating-person-year-2011/story?id=15156459#.Tu44oxxnGmG

Christopher Brown talk at the Berkeley Art Center, Berkeley, CA.

Artist Christopher Brown likes to play with the idea of commitment.  On Saturday December 3^rd at the Berkeley Art Center, Mr. Brown discussed his figurative paintings that flirt with abstraction by using sentimental symbols that with some luck might stay on a finished painting.

Brown obsessively works over again, again, and again on his paintings.  He’ll cover up a layer, paint over another, scrape, or sand the oil off the surface until satisfied to move forward to the an “elusive” finish.  It was torture to my ears, listening to his art practice struggle.  According to Brown: “If a painting doesn’t sell at an exhibit, I’ll just paint over it.”

Mr. Brown “appears” to have no attachment to his art even though the subject matter is reminiscent of Americana themes.  His paintings include snapshot images of the Civil War, movie scenes with snow, and life near the race track.  Like his subject matter, Brown’s artist influences are diverse like Susan Rothenberg, Kiki Smith, William de Kooning, Mondrian, Manet, and Velazquez.

Christopher Brown was born in 1951 in Camp Lejeune, North Carolina to a military family.  He attended the University of Illinois in Champaign-Urbana and went to art school at the University of California at Davis.  This is where he met faculty members and artists such as Wayne Thiebaud, Roy De Forest, and Manuel Neri.  According to Sam Whiting of the San Francisco Chronicle: “At age 42, painter Christopher Brown resigned as the chairman of the department of art practice at UC Berkeley because he wanted more insecurity. Now 59, he teaches one day a week at the California College of the Arts.”  Today he works and lives in Berkeley, CA.

At the end of the talk, Brown proudly declared that he recently turned 60 and said “be playful and let go.”  His art is part thrill seeker that searches for comforting memories while creating new ones.  A tension, no doubt he’ll continue to play with for his next sixty years.

The links:

http://www.kqed.org/arts/programs/spark/profile.jsp?essid=7680

http://www.berggruen.com/artists/christopher-brown/#/artists/christopher-brown/

http://articles.sfgate.com/2011-03-31/entertainment/29363899_1_plein-air-painting-front-door-teaching

http://www.berkeleyartcenter.org/

You're getting sleepy...

Yes, there was a time when humans communicated face to face, talked to neighbors, and acknowledged each other’s existence here on this lovely planet we call “Earth.”  All this technology must be good for us… right?  I’ll have to politely disagree and slightly agree.

Growing up in the Dark Ages, I never had a computer or cell phone in elementary, junior, or high school.  Being the “old” age of 37, I actually learned in school how to create complete sentences without or a . The whole idea of today’s texting and Internet culture makes me want to cautiously “lol” in fear.

For example, old school bullies in the past would physically or verbally assault their victims.  However, today bullies have a new weapon: the internet!  According to the Pew Research Center, “…88% of these teens say they have witnessed people being mean and cruel to another person on the sites, and 15% report that they have been the target of mean or cruel behavior on social network sites.”

So how do parents today combat cyber bullying?  Being a “friend” on Facebook might not be enough.  Just ask Jamie Rodenmayer, a gay teenage who recently committed suicide at the young age of fourteen after relentless cyber attacks and bullying.

Speaking of school, there has been an explosion of online classes from being a medical transcriptionist to a famous artist.  Let’s face it, online classes are a different experience compared to taking a class on a physical campus.  Learning involves all our senses and sitting in front of a computer screen is not the same.  However, the price of onsite and online classes are the same but the experience isn’t.

Convenience will always put a strain on quality…

The Pew Research Center did a study and “…just three-in-ten American adults (29%) say a course taken online provides an equal educational value to one taken in a classroom.  By contrast, fully half of college presidents (51%) say online courses provide the same value.”  Am I sensing a disconnect?

In a culture were everyone is “special” for just breathing, constant media stimulation doesn’t surprise me.  Will the future include specialized targeted advertising?  Cars will have pop-up ads in the windshield when driving past businesses and a “Siri” god-like voice directing your life.  An ad might read like this: Ms. Balisle, I’m sensing by your low sugar levels, you’re hungry.  Please take the next exit and proceed to Starbucks.  As a result, Starbucks is featuring a special today on gingerbread lattes and paninis.  However, it  appears that you’ve gained a few pounds this holiday season so I highly suggest our grande 16 ounce nonfat milk and a deluxe fruit blend.  Bon Appetit!

Maybe technology will be able to take over our ability to think for ourselves.  I mean thinking takes up so much energy.  If this does become the future, there’ll be no choice but to stay home behind my computer screen.  FYI, and BBFN.

The Links:

http://www.teenink.com/opinion/pop_culture_trends/article/177368/Technology-Is-It-Truly-Advantageous/

http://pewresearch.org/topics/internetandtechnology/

Hung Liu talk at Berkeley Art Center.

Artists are living historians.  From current events like the Occupy Wall Street protests to Native American cave paintings, artists record history through a visual vocabulary.  Artist Hung Liu is a perfect example and a living storyteller.  The amazing Liu grew up under the Chinese control of Mao Zedong and endured the Cultural Revolution.  A time from 1966 to 1976 where artists, teachers, and innovators where banned from any type of creativity.  Mao wanted to rid China of any traditional, capitalist, and cultural elements.

Hung Liu was born in 1948 in Changchun, China.  Part of the Cultural Revolution, Liu was sent to a labor camp for “reeducation” as a young woman.  In 1975, she attended Teachers College and was a graduate student at the Central Academy of Fine Arts in Beijing.  She was trained to become a Socialist Realist muralist.  Liu grew consistently angry by the propaganda art that surrounded her.  As a young student, she would sneak out at night from school to do landscapes and hide the paintings under her bed fearing severe punishment.

Liu’s work practice includes richly colored oil paintings and installations.  In 1988, she created the painting titled Resident Alien and in 1994 created a 200,000 piece fortune cookie installation titled Gold Mountain.  Liu also created a mural titled Going Away, Coming Home that greets and blesses travelers on their journeys at the Oakland International Airport.

Her paintings over the years have included prostitutes, war refugees, eunuchs, cranes, flowers, and images of people left behind by the brutal decisions made by the Chinese government.

On November 19^th, the Berkeley Art Center featured Hung Liu in an artist talk.  A rare event and treat into understanding Liu’s artistic practice.  It was a unique opportunity and the large audience in attendance appeared very grateful.

Liu is an interesting character in the most positive way.  She has a rare combination of being an artist able to communicate verbally and visually through art.  I consistently stress to my students that artists must assume responsibility for their art and that includes communicating about it.  Hung Liu delivers masterfully.  Donning a pair of silver safety pin earrings, a colorful scarf, a black flower ring, and a pink Guerrilla Girls T-shirt, Liu stoically delivered a lively talk.

At the end of the discussion, Liu was asked about the drips and circle elements in her paintings.  She appeared not surprised by the two frequently asked questions.  In reference to the drips Liu replied, “…gives a hint, to focus on the real thing…” and the circle patterns represent “…no beginning and no end.”

Today Liu is a professor at Mills College in Oakland, CA.  At the talk, she announced that she’ll be having a retrospective at the Oakland Art Museum in 2013.  It’ll be a once in a lifetime chance to see all her works in one spot.  According to Liu: “Getting older, closer to the other end, more to come…the end.”

The links:

http://www.kelliu.com/

http://www.kqed.org/arts/programs/spark/profile.jsp?essid=4455

http://www.guerrillagirls.com/index.shtml

Fields of Black

What is your favorite color?  No doubt, my favorite color is black.  It can be the cool or warm version but black dominates.  It’s the opposite of white and represents the complete absence of or complete absorption of light.  In fact, I don’t find it to be gloomy, somber, or murky.  Surprisingly, it can be strong, elegant, and amazing.  The artist Richard Serra proves that point masterfully in his current exhibition at the SFMOMA till January 16^th, 2012.

Serra was born in San Francisco and studied English Literature at the University of California at Berkeley and Santa Barbara.  His father was a pipe-fitter and Serra worked in steel mills to make ends meet.  He eventually study painting at Yale University under artist Josef Albers known for his wide use and love of color.

According to the SFMOMA website: “Serra quickly rose to prominence in a climate where artists were reexamining Minimalism’s static formal qualities in favor of a more analytical approach to process and materials.  Serra’s work took abstract and invisible properties such as weight, balance, pressure, and gravity — all of which are traditionally associated with sculpture — and made them visible and visceral.  Examples of this practice include installations of thrown molten lead that use architectural corners as a mold, or metal plates and poles held in place by their own weight.”

On November 10^th, Alison Gass, assistant curator of painting and sculpture at SFMOMA talked about Richard Serra’s piece titled Taraval Beach.  If you’ve been to San Francisco’s Taraval Beach the wet sand can be dense and at night the beach, waves, and sky become a field of black darkness.  The site specific piece is made of black oil sticks painted onto Belgain linen which is stapled at its edges to the wall.  Taraval Beach is 20 feet wide and spans to the edge of SFMOMA’s ceiling.

At the end of the talk, I asked Alison Gass what was the reason behind Serra’s color choice of black.  She remarked that since he is one of the founders of the Minimalism art movement, that could be the reason why he embraces a void of color.  Then she refreshing and honestly said: “I don’t know.”

However, I see color in Serra’s pieces.  For example, in his large sculpture titled Band at the LACMA, the metal’s oxidation process has changed the sculpture to a warm reddish brown color.  After watching many videos and interviews of the incomparable Richard Serra, he’s one of the smartest living artists today.  As a result, he’s an expert regarding the aging properties of artist materials.

Also, the SFMOMA exhibition features Serra’s 1967 Triangle Belt Piece.  The art looks like a leather maze contorted into a psychedelic pretzel of dark and light brown rubber.  The pieces are full of color and character.

According to Serra: “…I don’t think of any particular viewer in mind other than myself.”  Bottom line, the only person who’ll know Serra’s opinion on color is the artist himself.  Regardless, I believe color is in everything if you take the time to look…

The links:

http://www.sfmoma.org/exhib_events/exhibitions/421

http://www.sfmoma.org/explore/collection/artists/650

http://www.pbs.org/art21/artists/richard-serra

http://sf.popsugar.com/Richard-Serra-Drawing-Exhibit-SFMOMA-Pictures-19915615?page=0%2C0%2C8#7